Installazione
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Requisiti del server
Prima di installare Flarum, è importante verificare che il tuo server soddisfi i requisiti. Per eseguire Flarum, avrai bisogno di:
- Apache (con mod_rewrite abilitato) o Nginx
- PHP 7.3+ with the following extensions: curl, dom, fileinfo, gd, json, mbstring, openssl, pdo_mysql, tokenizer, zip
- MySQL 5.6+ o MariaDB 10.0.5+
- SSH (command-line) access to run potentially necessary software maintenance commands, and Composer if you intend on using the command-line to install and manage Flarum extensions.
Installare Flarum
Installing by unpacking an archive
If you don't have SSH access to your server or you prefer not to use the command line, you can install Flarum by unpacking an archive. Below is a list of the available archives, make sure you choose the one that matches your PHP version and public path or lack thereof preference.
Installing using the Command Line Interface
Flarum usa Composer per gestire le sue dipendenze ed estensioni. Prima di installare Flarum, sar� necessario installare Composer sulla tua macchina. Successivamente, esegui questo comando in una cartella vuota in cui desideri installare Flarum:
compositore create-project flarum/flarum .
Mentre questo comando è in esecuzione, puoi configurare il tuo server web. Dovrai assicurarti che il tuo webroot sia impostato su /percorso/del/tuo/forum/public, e impostare URL Rewriting come descritto qui sotto.
Quando tutto è pronto, accedi al tuo forum in un browser web e segui le istruzioni a video per completare l'installazione
If you wish to install and update extensions from the admin dashboard, you need to also install the Extension Manager extension.
composer require flarum/extension-manager:"*"
The extension manager allows an admin user to install any composer package. Only install the extension manager if you trust all of your forum admins with such permissions.
Riscrittura URL
Apache
Flarum include un file .htaccess nella cartella public – assicurati che sia stato caricato correttamente. Flarum non funzionerà correttamente se mod_rewrite non è abilitato o il file .htaccess non è accessibile. Assicurati di verificare con il tuo provider di hosting (o il tuo VPS) che queste funzionalità siano abilitate. Se gestisci il tuo server, potresti dover aggiungere quanto segue alla configurazione del tuo sito per abilitare i file .htaccess.
<Directory "/percorso/di/flarum/public">
AllowOverride All
</Directory>
Ciò garantisce che gli override di htaccess siano consentiti in modo che Flarum possa riscrivere correttamente gli URL.
I metodi per abilitare mod_rewrite dipendono dal tuo OS. Puoi abilitarli eseguendo sudo a2enmod rewrite su Ubuntu. mod_rewrite è abilitato di default su CentOS. Non dimenticare di riavviare Apache dopo aver apportato modifiche!
Nginx
Flarum include il file .nginx.conf – assicurati che sia caricato correttamente. Quindi, supponendo che tu abbia un sito PHP impostato all'interno di Nginx, aggiungi quanto segue al blocco di configurazione del tuo server:
include /path/to/flarum/.nginx.conf;
Caddy
Caddy richiede una configurazione molto semplice affinché Flarum funzioni correttamente. Nota che devi sostituire l'URL con il tuo URL e il percorso con il tuo percorso della cartella public. Se stai usando una versione diversa di PHP, dovrai anche cambiare il percorso del file fastcgi per puntare al socket o all'URL di installazione PHP corretto.
www.example.com {
root * /var/www/flarum/public
php_fastcgi unix//var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock
header /assets/* {
+Cache-Control "public, must-revalidate, proxy-revalidate"
+Cache-Control "max-age=25000"
Pragma "public"
}
file_server
}
Proprietà della cartella
Durante l'installazione, Flarum potrebbe richiedere di rendere scrivibili alcune directory. Modern operating systems are generally multi-user, meaning that the user you log in as is not the same as the user Flarum is running as. The user that Flarum is running as MUST have read + write access to:
- The root install directory, so Flarum can edit
config.php. - The
storagesubdirectory, so Flarum can edit logs and store cached data. - The
assetssubdirectory, so that logos and avatars can be uploaded to the filesystem.
Extensions might require other directories, so you might want to recursively grant write access to the entire Flarum root install directory.
There are several commands you'll need to run in order to set up file permissions. Please note that if your install doesn't show warnings after executing just some of these, you don't need to run the rest.
First, you'll need to allow write access to the directory. On Linux:
chmod 775 -R /path/to/directory
If that isn't enough, you may need to check that your files are owned by the correct group and user. By default, in most Linux distributions www-data is the group and user that both PHP and the web server operate under. You'll need to look into the specifics of your distro and web server setup to make sure. You can change the folder ownership in most Linux operating systems by running:
chown -R www-data:www-data /path/to/directory
With www-data changed to something else if a different user/group is used for your web server.
Additionally, you'll need to ensure that your CLI user (the one you're logged into the terminal as) has ownership, so that you can install extensions and manage the Flarum installation via CLI. To do this, add your current user (whoami) to the web server group (usually www-data) via usermod -a -G www-data YOUR_USERNAME. You will likely need to log out and back in for this change to take effect.
Finally, if that doesn't work, you might need to configure SELinux to allow the web server to write to the directory. To do so, run:
chcon -R -t httpd_sys_rw_content_t /path/to/directory
To find out more about these commands as well as file permissions and ownership on Linux, read this tutorial. If you are setting up Flarum on Windows, you may find the answers to this Super User question useful.
Your environment may vary from the documentation provided, please consult your web server configuration or web hosting provider for the proper user and group that PHP and the web server operate under.
You should never set any folder or file to permission level 777, as this permission level allows anyone to access the content of the folder and file regardless of user or group.
Personalizzare i percorsi
By default Flarum's directory structure includes a public directory which contains only publicly-accessible files. This is a security best-practice, ensuring that all sensitive source code files are completely inaccessible from the web root.
However, if you wish to host Flarum in a subdirectory (like yoursite.com/forum), or if your host doesn't give you control over your webroot (you're stuck with something like public_html or htdocs), you can set up Flarum without the public directory.
If you intend to install Flarum using one of the archives, you can simply use the no-public-dir (Public Path = No) archives and skip the rest of this section. If you're installing via Composer, you'll need to follow the instructions below.
Simply move all the files inside the public directory (including .htaccess) into the directory you want to serve Flarum from. Then edit .htaccess and uncomment lines 9-15 in order to protect sensitive resources. For Nginx, uncomment lines 8-11 of .nginx.conf.
You will also need to edit the index.php file and change the following line:
$site = require './site.php';
Edit the site.php and update the paths in the following lines to reflect your new directory structure:
'base' => __DIR__,
'public' => __DIR__,
'storage' => __DIR__.'/storage',
Finally, check config.php and make sure the url value is correct.
Importazione dati da altro forum
If you have an existing community and don't want to start from scratch, you may be able to import your existing data into Flarum. While there are no official importers yet, the community has made several unofficial importers:
These can be used for other forum software as well by migrating to phpBB first, then to Flarum. Be aware that we can't guarantee that these will work nor can we offer support for them.